听力音频：
Task1：
To Remember and Learn from the Past
问题
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
It is important to remember and learn from the past.
Use details and examples to explain your opinion.
Task2:
University Should Pave Running Trails
阅读材料
University Should Pave Running Trails
The university has about three miles of unpaved dirt running trails that pass through the forest near campus. I think these trails should be paved with cement. One reason for paving the trails would be to increase their safety. When it rains, the dirt turns to mud and becomes very slippery, so the runners who use them can slip and fall. Pavement would solve this problem. Also, paving would make the trails look nicer, which would encourage students to use them. Bumps in the trail would be smoothed out and weeds would be paved over, making the trail more attractive to runners.
Sincerely,
Sally Jacobs
问题
The man expresses his opinion about the proposal in the student’s letter. Briefly summarize the proposal. Then state the man’s opinion about the proposal and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.
Task3：
Experimenter Effect
阅读材料
Experimenter Effect
One objective of any experiment is, of course, to obtain accurate results. Sometimes, however, problems occur that lead to inaccurate results. One such problem is the experimenter effect. The experimenter effect occurs when a researcher’s expectations affect the outcome of the experiment. The researcher expects a particular result from the experiment, and that expectation causes the researcher to act in ways that influence the behavior of the experiment participants, thereby invalidating the results of the experiment.
问题
Explain how the example from the professor’s lecture illustrates the experimenter effect.
Task4:
The Position of Birds’ Eyes
问题
Using the examples in the lecture, explain how the position of birds’ eyes is critical to their survival.
范文：
