综合写作：
Most people believe that the first airplane was built and flown in 1903 by brothers Orville and Wilbur Wright. Yet there is some evidence that another inventor, Gustave Whitehead, may have built and flown an airplane in 1901, two years before the Wright brothers.
Many critics, however, think that the evidence that Whitehead flew the first airplane has significant weaknesses.
First
Whitehead’s alleged flight was reported by several newspapers in 1901. The newspaper reports do not seem very trustworthy, however. For example, none of the newspaper articles printed a photograph of the airplane in flight; the articles included only drawings of Whitehead’s airplane. The lack of photographs suggests that the flight never actually occurred. In fact, journalists of that period sometimes invented exciting stories like this one to get people to buy more newspapers.
Second
the design of Whitehead’s airplane makes many experts doubt that it was capable of flight. Because early airplanes could not move as fast as today’s planes do, most had two or three levels of wings to provide enough lift to permit the plane to rise off the ground. Whitehead’s airplane was unique in this regard, having only one level of wings. With only a single set of wings and a relatively low flying speed, Whitehead’s airplane seems unlikely to have got off the ground.
Third, it is also doubtful that the engine that Whitehead used in his airplane functioned well. In the early 1900s Whitehead built a number of aircraft engines that he sold to other aircraft builders, but many of those builders failed to build functional airplanes. This poor success record brings his ability to build a functioning engine for his 1901 plane into serious doubt.
学术写作：
Instructions
Your professor is teaching a class on sociology. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.
In your response you should do the following:
- Express and support your opinion.
- Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.
An effective response will contain at least 100 words.
Doctor Gupta
Many educators believe that participating in clubs or organizations can enhance students’ overall experience and personal development. Some universities even consider making it a requirement for students to join at least one club or organization during their studies. Now, think about the benefits and potential drawbacks of such a requirement. Do you think universities should encourage or even require students to participate in at least one club or organization? Why?
Paul
I think universities should encourage students to join clubs or organizations. It’s a great way to make new friends and build strong relationships. For example, when I joined the debate club, I not only improved my speaking skills but also met some of my closest friends. These connections have been valuable for both my personal and academic growth.
Claire
While these activities can be beneficial, they can also take up a lot of time. Many students are already struggling to balance their academic workload, part – time jobs, and personal commitments. Adding mandatory extracurricular activities might just increase stress and reduce the time they have for studying and resting.
