综合写作：
The Egyptian Old Kingdom was a period of great stability that lasted for over five centuries. Its collapse in about 2134 B.C.E. was followed by a period of great unrest. What brought the stable order of the Old Kingdom to an end? Historians have advanced three different theories.
One theory focuses on decentralization of power. The Old Kingdom was ruled by a king – the pharaoh. But toward the end of the Old Kingdom, more power was being given to the regional governors. Under these circumstances it is easy to see how the governors’ greed and ambition could grow and how they might come to oppose the central rule of the pharaoh. A revolt of the governors would have disastrously undermined the Old Kingdom order.
A second theory concerns changes in rainfall and their probable effect on Egypt’s food supply. There is a source from the region at the time of the Old Kingdom’s collapse that reports a 20 percent decrease in annual rainfall. A decline of rainfall of that magnitude in Egypt would have significantly reduced the flow of the Nile River, on whose annual flooding Egypt’s agriculture depended. The result would have been first crop failure and then a food shortage severe enough to cause the collapse of the entire kingdom.
A third theory is that the collapse was caused by a fight over succession to the throne of the Old Kingdom. The last major pharaoh of the Old Kingdom, Pepi II, ruled for an long time. When he died he left many sons but no clear successor. Disputes between the sons would have been very likely, and this rivalry between the sons and their factions could have brought about political turmoil and led to the Old Kingdom’s collapse.
学术写作：
Instructions: Your professor is teaching a class on sociology. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.
In your response you should:
- Express and support your opinion.
- Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.
An effective response will contain at least 100 words.
Doctor Achebe
Let’s consider how schools allocate their funds for various resources, with a focus on the allocation between teacher salaries and other resources such as computers and books. What do you think is the best way for schools to prioritize their spending? Should more funds go towards increasing teacher salaries to attract and retain quality educators, or should they invest more in technology and learning materials like computers and books?
Claire
I think raising teachers’ salaries is crucial because it can encourage people to view teaching as a viable profession rather than pursuing careers in other industries. Additionally, offering competitive wages can attract some of the brightest and most talented individuals to become teachers. When teachers are fairly compensated, it not only motivates them to perform their duties better but also enhances the overall quality of education.
Paul
Teacher salaries are already quite competitive, and it may be more prudent to allocate resources toward improving student equipment and providing up – to – date materials. Enhancing the learning environment with better technology and modern educational resources can greatly benefit students’ education.
