综合写作：
© NASA/JPL/USGS
Scientists are planning to send the first human mission to Mars in the near future. An important question facing the mission is whether to land the spacecraft near one of Mars’s poles or near its equator. Like Earth, Mars has very different climates at its poles and equator. Scientists believe that landing near the equator rather than near a pole will help the Mars mission overcome three major challenges.
Temperatures
Mars is much colder than Earth, with average temperatures below freezing. At the poles of Mars, temperatures are especially cold. In the extremely cold temperatures at the poles, equipment runs the risk of breaking down and malfunctioning, making a mission there risky. At the equator, however, temperatures are higher overall and less likely to damage equipment. This will reduce some of the challenges involved in dealing with the Martian climate.
Fueling Rocket Launches
Astronauts will need to launch a rocket to return to Earth from Mars. Such launches require large amounts of fuel, which is heavy and therefore difficult to bring to Mars. But rocket launches will require less fuel near the equator. This is because Mars, like Earth, is rotating. It rotates fastest near the equator, and a rocket can use Mars’s rotation to gain extra energy when lifting off. By taking advantage of this extra energy, astronauts will not need to use as much rocket fuel for their return launch.
Sunlight
Landing near the equator will provide astronauts with adequate sunlight each day. During the Martian winter, the polar regions of Mars receive little sunlight for several months. During these dark periods, solar power is unavailable for equipment and astronauts would need artificial lights to see Mars’s surface. But near the equator, the Sun rises and sets each day during the Martian year. By landing the spacecraft near the equator, astronauts will be able to use solar – powered equipment and see the Martian environment more easily.
学术写作：
Instructions
Your professor is teaching a class on sociology. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.
In your response you should:
- Express and support your opinion.
- Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.
An effective response will contain at least 100 words.
Dr. Achebe
Today, we are going to discuss how to encourage young adults (aged 18 – 24) to actively engage in culture and art related events. Some people propose that governments should consider offering special funding to support this age group so that they can use the funds to experience a variety of cultural, artistic, and musical activities. This can not only allow them to experience different forms of culture, but also develop a deeper appreciation for the arts. Do you think this is a good idea? Why or why not?
Claire
I don’t think it’s a good idea, because young adults might spend the government’s money on events related to their interests only, such as attending a band live show. However, doing this might not help them explore different cultures and arts.
Paul
Band live shows are a good way to experience culture and art, so participating in them can certainly help young adults learn more about music and art. By watching or being part of a band show, young adults can gain a deeper understanding of music culture, feel the beauty of art, and thus understand the world in new ways.
